Bird field guide · Cuckoos

Photographing the Groove-billed Ani

How to photograph the Groove-billed Ani (Crotophaga sulcirostris): the right lens for its size, shutter speeds for perched and moving animals, and when it's most often seen (January, April, May and July).

28–60 cm1/2000 s
28–60 cm
Typical length (family range)
1/500 s
Shutter: perched / still
1/2000 s
Shutter: action / flight
f/5.6–f/8
Aperture
18,459
Research-grade sightings in N. America
ModeManual + Auto ISOLock shutter & aperture, let ISO float
Shutter (still)1/500 s
Shutter (action)1/2000 s
Aperturef/5.6–f/8
FocusAF-C + subject/eye detectionShoot from ground level; game birds flush suddenly, so keep the shutter fast and AF in continuous mode.
DriveHigh-speed burst
Lens300–500 mmFull-frame equivalent

Focal length needed to frame it#

For a subject about 44 cm long filling a third or half of the frame width horizontally.

Distance⅓ of frame (FF)½ of frame (FF)⅓ of frame (APS-C)⅓ of frame (MFT)
5 m (16 ft)131 mm197 mm88 mm66 mm
10 m (33 ft)263 mm393 mm175 mm131 mm
15 m (49 ft)394 mm590 mm263 mm197 mm
20 m (66 ft)526 mm786 mm351 mm263 mm
30 m (98 ft)789 mm1,179 mm526 mm394 mm
50 m (164 ft)1,315 mm1,965 mm876 mm657 mm

When to find it#

Jan: 9% Jan Feb: 8% Feb Mar: 8% Mar Apr: 11% Apr May: 11% May Jun: 7% Jun Jul: 9% Jul Aug: 8% Aug Sep: 8% Sep Oct: 7% Oct Nov: 7% Nov Dec: 8% Dec
Share of iNaturalist observations by month across North America. Peak months: January, April, May and July.

About the Groove-billed Ani#

The groove-billed ani (Crotophaga sulcirostris) is an odd-looking tropical bird in the cuckoo family with a long tail and a large, curved beak. It is a resident species throughout most of its range, from southern Texas, central Mexico and The Bahamas, through Central America, to northern Colombia and Venezuela, and coastal Ecuador and Peru. It only retreats from the northern limits of its range in Texas and northern Mexico during winter.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia via iNaturalist (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Field-craft tips#

  • Roadrunners are fast — pan with them on open roads.
  • Shoot from ground level; game birds flush suddenly, so keep the shutter fast and AF in continuous mode.
  • Sightings peak in January, April, May and July, which is when you'll have the most chances.

Ethics#

  • The welfare of the animal comes first: if it changes its behaviour because of you, you are too close.
  • Stay on trails, respect closures around nests, leks, dens and haul-outs.
  • Avoid playback and baiting in sensitive seasons; never bait predators.
  • Don't share precise locations of rare, nesting or roosting animals publicly.

More Cuckoos#

Greater Roadrunner Greater RoadrunnerGeococcyx californianus Yellow-billed Cuckoo Yellow-billed CuckooCoccyzus americanus Common Squirrel-CuckooPiaya cayana

Frequently asked questions#

What lens do I need to photograph a Groove-billed Ani?

At about 44 cm long, a groove-billed ani fills a third of a full-frame image at 10 m with roughly 263 mm, or at 20 m with 526 mm.

What shutter speed should I use for a Groove-billed Ani?

1/500 s when it's still; 1/2000 s for action.

When is the best time to photograph a Groove-billed Ani?

Observations in North America peak in January, April, May and July. Early morning and late afternoon give the best light and activity.

Sources & licences#

Last updated October 03, 2026 · How we calculate · Sources